行业动态

Modbus-RTU协议的CRC算法

更新时间:2020-07-02

CRC 循环冗余校验算法

 

循环冗余校验CRC区为2字节,含一个16位二进制数据。由发送设备计算CRC值,并把计算值附在信息中,接收设备在接收信息时,重新计算CRC值,并把计算值与接收的在CRC区中实际值进行比较,若两者不相同,则产生一个错误。

CRC开始时先把寄存器的16位全部置成“1”,然后把相邻2个8位字节的数据放入当前寄存器中,只有每个字符的8位数据用作产生CRC,起始位,停止位和奇偶校验位不加到CRC中。

产生CRC期间,每8位数据与寄存器中值进行异或运算,其结果向右移一位(向LSB方向),并用“0”填入MSB,检测LSB,若LSB为“1”则与预置的固定值异或,若LSB为“0”则不作异或运算。

重复上述处过程,直至移位8次,完成第8次移位后,下一个8位数据,与该寄存器的当前值异或,在所有信息处理完后,寄存器中的最终值为CRC值。产生CRC的过程:

1. 16位CRC寄存器置成FFFFH.

2. 第一个8位数据与CRC寄存器低8位进行异或运算,把结果放入CRC寄存器。

3. CRC寄存器向右移一位,MSB填零,检查LSB.

4. (若LSB为0):重复3,再右移一位。

  (若LSB为1):CRC寄存器与Aool H 进行异或运算

5. 重复3和4直至完成8次移位,完成8位字节的处理。

6. 重复2至5步,处理下一个8位数据,直至全部字节处理完毕。

7. CRC寄存器的最终值为CRC值。

8. CRC值放入信息时,高8位和低8位应分开放置。

 CRC值放入信息中

发送信息中的16 位CRC值时,先送低8位,后送高8位。

CRC值为1241(0001 0010 0100 0001):

Addr

Func

Data Count

Data

Data

Data

Data

CR CLo

CR

CHi

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

41

12

48:CRC字节顺序例:

各种可能的CRC值,按两列装入,一列在16 位CRC的高8位区,为(0-256的)CRC值,另一类为低8位区,为CRC的低位值。

用这种方法得到的CRC其执行速度快于计算缓冲器中每个新字符得到一个新CRC值的方法。

ø 注意:该功能内部交换CRC中的高/低字节,返回的CRC值

中,其字节已交换。

因此,由功能码返回的CRC值,能直接放在信息中传送。
CRC生成

 例:功能取2个自变量:unsigned char *puchMsg ; 为生成CRC值,把指针指向含有二进制

的数据的缓冲器unsigned short usDataLen ; 缓冲器中的字节数。该功能返回CRC作为一种类型“unsigned short”。

 CRC产生的功能unsigned short CRC16(puchMsg, usDataLen)

unsigned char *puchMsg ; /*按信息的字节数计算CRC */

unsigned short usDataLen ; /* quantity of bytes in message */

{

unsigned char uchCRCHi = 0xFF ; /* 初始化高字节*/

unsigned char uchCRCLo = 0xFF ; /* 初始化低字节*/

unsigned uIndex ; /*CRC表*/

while (usDataLen––) /*通过数据缓冲器*/

{

uIndex = uchCRCHi ^ *puchMsgg++ ; /*计算CRC */

uchCRCHi = uchCRCLo ^ auchCRCHi[uIndex] ;

uchCRCLo = auchCRCLo[uIndex] ;

}

return (uchCRCHi << 8 | uchCRCLo) ;

} 高位字节表

/* Table of CRC values for high–order byte */

 

static unsigned char auchCRCHi[] = {

0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81,

0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0,

0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01,

0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,

0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81,

0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0,

0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01,

0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40,

0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81,

0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0,

0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01,

0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,

0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81,

0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0,

0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01,

0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,

0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81,

0x40

} ;

 

低位字节表

 

/* Table of CRC values for low–order byte */

 

static char auchCRCLo[] = {

0x00, 0xC0, 0xC1, 0x01, 0xC3, 0x03, 0x02, 0xC2, 0xC6, 0x06, 0x07, 0xC7, 0x05, 0xC5, 0xC4,

0x04, 0xCC, 0x0C, 0x0D, 0xCD, 0x0F, 0xCF, 0xCE, 0x0E, 0x0A, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0x0B, 0xC9, 0x09,

0x08, 0xC8, 0xD8, 0x18, 0x19, 0xD9, 0x1B, 0xDB, 0xDA, 0x1A, 0x1E, 0xDE, 0xDF, 0x1F, 0xDD,

0x1D, 0x1C, 0xDC, 0x14, 0xD4, 0xD5, 0x15, 0xD7, 0x17, 0x16, 0xD6, 0xD2, 0x12, 0x13, 0xD3,

0x11, 0xD1, 0xD0, 0x10, 0xF0, 0x30, 0x31, 0xF1, 0x33, 0xF3, 0xF2, 0x32, 0x36, 0xF6, 0xF7,

0x37, 0xF5, 0x35, 0x34, 0xF4, 0x3C, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0x3D, 0xFF, 0x3F, 0x3E, 0xFE, 0xFA, 0x3A,

0x3B, 0xFB, 0x39, 0xF9, 0xF8, 0x38, 0x28, 0xE8, 0xE9, 0x29, 0xEB, 0x2B, 0x2A, 0xEA, 0xEE,

0x2E, 0x2F, 0xEF, 0x2D, 0xED, 0xEC, 0x2C, 0xE4, 0x24, 0x25, 0xE5, 0x27, 0xE7, 0xE6, 0x26,

0x22, 0xE2, 0xE3, 0x23, 0xE1, 0x21, 0x20, 0xE0, 0xA0, 0x60, 0x61, 0xA1, 0x63, 0xA3, 0xA2,

0x62, 0x66, 0xA6, 0xA7, 0x67, 0xA5, 0x65, 0x64, 0xA4, 0x6C, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0x6D, 0xAF, 0x6F,

0x6E, 0xAE, 0xAA, 0x6A, 0x6B, 0xAB, 0x69, 0xA9, 0xA8, 0x68, 0x78, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0x79, 0xBB,

0x7B, 0x7A, 0xBA, 0xBE, 0x7E, 0x7F, 0xBF, 0x7D, 0xBD, 0xBC, 0x7C, 0xB4, 0x74, 0x75, 0xB5,

0x77, 0xB7, 0xB6, 0x76, 0x72, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0x73, 0xB1, 0x71, 0x70, 0xB0, 0x50, 0x90, 0x91,

0x51, 0x93, 0x53, 0x52, 0x92, 0x96, 0x56, 0x57, 0x97, 0x55, 0x95, 0x94, 0x54, 0x9C, 0x5C,

0x5D, 0x9D, 0x5F, 0x9F, 0x9E, 0x5E, 0x5A, 0x9A, 0x9B, 0x5B, 0x99, 0x59, 0x58, 0x98, 0x88,

0x48, 0x49, 0x89, 0x4B, 0x8B, 0x8A, 0x4A, 0x4E, 0x8E, 0x8F, 0x4F, 0x8D, 0x4D, 0x4C, 0x8C,

0x44, 0x84, 0x85, 0x45, 0x87, 0x47, 0x46, 0x86, 0x82, 0x42, 0x43, 0x83, 0x41, 0x81, 0x80,

0x40

} ;

 

计算过程:

地址

功能码

起始寄存器

寄存器个数

CRC校验码

64

03

00

0a

00

01

To be calculated

 

 

Step    Byte      Bits Shifted      Action              16-Bit Register         Bit Shifted Out

2                                Initial Value          111 1111 1111 1111

        1                        Load First Data Byte   0000 0000 0110 0100

3                               Exclusive OR         1111 1111 1001 1011

4                  1            Shift 1 bit to the Right    0111 1111 1100 1101       1

                                Generator Polynomial    1010 0000 0000 0001

5a                              Exclusive OR          1101 1111 1100 1100

4                   2           Shift 1 bit to the Right     0110 1111 1110 0110 0

4                   3           Shift 1 bit to the Right     0011 0111 1111 0011 0

4                   4           Shift 1 bit to the Right     0001 1011 1111 1001      1

                                Generator Polynomial     1010 0000 0000 0001

5a                               Exclusive OR          1011 1011 1111 1000

4                   5            Shift 1 bit to the Right    0101 1101 1111 1100 0

4                   6            Shift 1 bit to the Right    0010 1110 1111 1110 0

4                   7            Shift 1 bit to the Right    0001 0111 0111 1111 0

4                   8            Shift 1 bit to the Right    0000 1011 1011 1111 1

                                 Generator Polynomial    1010 0000 0000 0001

5a                               Exclusive OR           1010 1011 1011 1110

            2                     Load 2 nd Data Byte      0000 0000 0000 0011

Step    Byte      Bits Shifted      Action              16-Bit Register         Bit Shifted Out

 Exclusive OR 1010 1011 1011 1101

4 1 Shift 1 bit to the Right 0101 0101 1101 1110       1

  Generator Polynomial 1010 0000 0000 0001

5a Exclusive OR 1111 0101 1101 1111

4 2 Shift 1 bit to the Right 0111 1010 1110 1111 1

Generator Polynomial 1010 0000 0000 0001

5a Exclusive OR 1101 1010 1110 1110

4 3 Shift 1 bit to the Right 0110 1101 0111 0111 0

4 4 Shift 1 bit to the Right 0011 0110 1011 1011 1

Generator Polynomial 1010 0000 0000 0001

5a  Exclusive OR 1001 0110 1011 1010

4 5 Shift 1 bit to the Right 0100 1011 0101 1101 0

4 6 Shift 1 bit to the Right 0010 0101 1010 1110 1

Generator Polynomial 1010 0000 0000 0001

5a Exclusive OR  1000 0101 1010 1111

4 7 Shift 1 bit to the Right 0100 0010 1101 0111 1

Generator Polynomial 1010 0000 0000 0001

5a  Exclusive OR 1110 0010 1101 0110

4 8 Shift 1 bit to the Right 0111 0001 0110 1011  0

3 Load 3rd Data Byte 0000 0000 0000 0000

7 Exclusive OR  0111 0001 0110 1011

4 1 Shift 1 bit to the Right 0011 1000 1011 0101 1

Generator Polynomial 1010 0000 0000 0001

5a Exclusive OR 1001 1000 1011 0100

4 2 Shift 1 bit to the Right 0100 1100 0101 1010 0

4 3 Shift 1 bit to the Right 0010 0110 0010 1101 0

4 4 Shift 1 bit to the Right 0001 0011 0001 0110 1

Generator Polynomial 1010 0000 0000 0001

5a Exclusive OR 1011 0011 0001 0111

4  5 Shift 1 bit to the Right 0101 1001 1000 1011 1

Generator Polynomial 1010 0000 0000 0001

5a Exclusive OR 1111 1001 1000 1010

4 6 Shift 1 bit to the Right 0111 1100 1100 0101 0

4  7 Shift 1 bit to the Right 0011 1110 0110 0010 1

Generator Polynomial 1010 0000 0000 0001

5a Exclusive OR 1001 1110 0110 0011

4 8 Shift 1 bit to the Right 0100 1111 0011 0001 1

Generator Polynomial 1010 0000 0000 0001

5a Exclusive OR 1110 1111 0011 0000

7 4 Load 4th Data Byte 0000 0000 0000 1010

Exclusive OR 1110 1111 0011 1010

4 1 Shift 1 bit to the Right 0111 0111 1001 1101 0

4 2 Shift 1 bit to the Right 0011 1011 1100 1110 1

Generator Polynomial 1010 0000 0000 0001

5a Exclusive OR  1001 1011 1100 1111

4 3 Shift 1 bit to the Right 0100 1101 1110 0111

Generator Polynomial 1010 0000 0000 0001 1

5a Exclusive OR  1110 1101 1110 0110

4 4 Shift 1 bit to the Right  0111 0110 1111 0011  0

4 5 Shift 1 bit to the Right 0011 1011 0111 1001 1

Generator Polynomial 1010 0000 0000 0001

5a Exclusive OR 1001 1011 0111 1000

4  6  Shift 1 bit to the Right 0100 1101 1011 1100  0

4 7  Shift 1 bit to the Right 0010 0110 1101 1110 0

4  8 Shift 1 bit to the Right 0001 0011 0110 1111 0

7 5 Load 5th Data Byte  0000 0000 0000 0000

Exclusive OR  0001 0011 0110 1111

4 1 Shift 1 bit to the Right 0000 1001 1011 0111 1

Generator Polynomial 1010 0000 0000 0001

5a Exclusive OR 1010 1001 1011 0110

4 2 Shift 1 bit to the Right 0101 0100 1101 1011 0

4 3 Shift 1 bit to the Right 0010 1010 0110 1101 1

Generator Polynomial 1010 0000 0000 0001

5a Exclusive OR 1000 1010 0110 1100

4 4 Shift 1 bit to the Right 0100 0101 0011 0110 0

Step    Byte      Bits Shifted      Action              16-Bit Register         Bit Shifted Out

4 5 Shift 1 bit to the Right 0010 0010 1001 1011 0

4  6 Shift 1 bit to the Right 0001 0001 0100 1101 1

Generator Polynomial 1010 0000 0000 0001

5a  Exclusive OR 1011 0001 0100 1100

4 7 Shift 1 bit to the Right  0101 1000 1010 0110 0

4 8 Shift 1 bit to the Right 0010 1100 0101 0011 0

7 6  Load 6th Data Byte 0000 0000 0000 0001

Exclusive OR 0010 1100 0101 0010

4 1 Shift 1 bit to the Right 0001 0110 0010 1001 0

4 2 Shift 1 bit to the Right 0000 1011 0001 0100 1

Generator Polynomial 1010 0000 0000 0001

5a  Exclusive OR 1010 1011 0001 0101

4 3 Shift 1 bit to the Right 0101 0101 1000 1010 1

Generator Polynomial 1010 0000 0000 0001

5a Exclusive OR 1111 0101 1000 1011

4 4 Shift 1 bit to the Right 0111 1010 1100 0101 1

Generator Polynomial 1010 0000 0000 0001

5a  Exclusive OR 1101 1010 1100 0100

4 5 Shift 1 bit to the Right 0110 1101 0110 0010 0

4 6 Shift 1 bit to the Right 0011 0110 1011 0001  0

4 7 Shift 1 bit to the Right 0001 1011 0101 1000 1

Generator Polynomial  1010 0000 0000 0001

5a  Exclusive OR 1011 1011 0101 1001

4  8 Shift 1 bit to the Right 0101 1101 1010 1100 1

Generator Polynomial 1010 0000 0000 0001

5a Exclusive OR 1111 1101 1011 1100

RESULT   Hex FD  Hex AD

 

 

数据举例,最后2个字节为校验码值

01 03 00 10 00 0E C5 CB

在线客服

服务热线
0755-82549363
李经理:13266550003
汤经理:18188647858
李经理:13480728802
微信1 微信1 微信1